venus-demos

DEMONSTRATIONS.

The Three RETROGRADE (rotation) Planets are:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto.

To verify this, click on the following link. In the (scanned) table, you will see the letter R directly preceding the rotation periods of Venus, Uranus, and Pluto (and no other planets). This letter R stands for Retrograde rotation, ie:- the planet rotates in the “wrong” direction.

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(1). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto). TWICE The SUM of The Orbital Periods of Uranus and Pluto = 1000.1 Venus Rotation Periods.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days. Uranus’ orbital period = 30717.682 Earth days. Pluto’s orbital period = 90803.66 Earth days.

2 x [(30717.682 + 90803.66) ÷ 243.0187] = 1000.1 rotations (of Venus).

To verify these three periods, click on the following link. Look in the columns entitled P Orbital (days) and P Rotation (days)

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

PROGRADE Rotation means rotating in the “right” or “correct” direction (ie:- in the same direction as Earth). RETROGRADE Rotation means rotating in the “wrong” direction. Three planets have RETROGRADE Rotation, ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto. You can check this by clicking on the following link and looking at the Rotation Period column entitled (P Rotation (days)). If you see the letter R directly preceding the planet’s rotation period, then the letter R stands for RETROGRADE.

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and

(2). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto).

During FOUR Venus Rotation Periods, The Three RETROGRADE Planets and their LARGE Satellites rotate altogether a total of 3001.26 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days. Uranus’ rotation period = 0.71833 Earth days. For this example, Pluto is treated as binary planet Pluto/Charon, with a rotation period of 6.387230 Earth days. (Note:- Charon has the largest relative size, relative to the size of the parent planet, of any satellite in The Solar System. That is why Pluto is sometimes regarded as a Binary Planet – Pluto/Charon. To verify this, click on the following link, and look in the Radius column for the various planets and their satellites.)

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Venus has no satellites. Uranus has Five LARGE Satellites. Here are their names, together with their orbital periods (which are the same as their rotation periods, due to “tidal locking” – For further details, see below.), expressed in Earth days. Miranda 1.4134840 and Ariel 2.52037932 and Umbriel 4.1441765 and Titania 8.7058703 and Oberon 13.4632423

Binary Planet Pluto/Charon has no LARGE Satellites

4 x [(243.0187 ÷ 243.0187) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.71833) + (243.0187 ÷ 6.387230) + (243.0187 ÷ 1.4134840) + (243.0187 ÷ 2.52037932) + (243.0187 ÷ 4.1441765) + (243.0187 ÷ 8.7058703) + (243.0187 ÷ 13.4632423)] = 3001.26 rotations.

To verify the rotation periods of Venus and Uranus (Look in the column P Rotation (days)), and to verify satellite sizes (Look in the Radius column), and to verify that Venus has no satellites, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital periods (ie:- rotation periods) of Uranus’ Five LARGE Satellites, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

To verify that Binary Planet Pluto/Charon has no LARGE Satellites, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/pluto-sats

To verify the rotation period of Pluto, go to Wikipedia. Look in the Physical Characteristics column. Here is the relevant URL that you can click on here:-

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluto

To verify “tidal locking” (ie:- to verify that the rotation periods of satellites that are reasonably close to their parent planets are equal to their orbital periods), click on the following link, and look at the orbital period and rotation period columns (P Orbital (days) and P Rotation (days)). You will see that the letter S is usually present in the Rotation Periods column for satellites. This letter S stands for “Same”.

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and

(3). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto).

FOUR x The SUM of the Rotation Periods of The Three RETROGRADE Planets = 1000.497 Earth days.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days. Uranus’ rotation period = 0.71833 Earth days. Pluto’s rotation period of 6.387230 Earth days.

(243.0187 + 0.71833 + 6.387230) x 4 = 1000.497 Earth days.

To verify the rotation periods of Venus and Uranus (Look in the column P Rotation (days)), click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify Pluto’s rotation period, go to Wikipedia, and look at the column of Physical Characteristics. The relevant web page URL is:-

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluto

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and

(4). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto).

THREE times The SUM of The Orbital Periods of The Three RETROGRADE Planets = 999.95 Earth Years.

DEMONSTRATION:- Here are the orbital periods of Venus, Uranus, and Pluto (The Three RETROGRADE Planets), expressed in Earth days. Venus 224.695 and Uranus 30717.682 and Pluto 90803 66

The Earth Year = Earth’s Orbital Period, which is 365.256 Earth days.

3 x [(224.695 + 30717.682 + 90803.66) ÷ 365.256] = 999.95 Earth years.

To verify all the above periods, click on the following link. (Look in the column entitled P Orbital (days))

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and also:-

The SUM of The Rotation Periods of The Three RETROGRADE Planets = 250.1243 Earth days.

Venus, Uranus, and Pluto are The Three RETROGRADE Planets.

Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days. Uranus’ rotation period = 0.71833 Earth days. Pluto’s rotation period is 6.387230 Earth days.

243.0187 + 0.71833 + 6.387230 = 250.1243 Earth days.

To verify that these three are the only planets to have RETROGRADE rotation, click on the following link. In the (scanned) table, you will see the letter R directly preceding the rotation periods of Venus, Uranus, and Pluto (and no other planets). This letter R stands for Retrograde rotation, ie:- the planet rotates in the “wrong” direction. To verify the rotation periods of Venus and Uranus, look in the column entitled P Rotation (days)

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify Pluto’s rotation period, go to Wikipedia. (Search term Pluto). Look in the Physical Characteristics column. Here is the URL to click on here:-

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluto

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and also

(5). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto).

During TWICE this time period (of 250.1243 Earth days), The Four Inner Solar System Planets rotate altogether a total of 999.8 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- The Four Inner Solar System Planets (sometimes called The Terrestrial Planets) are:- Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars (ie:- all the planets that are inferior to Jupiter). Here are their rotation periods, expressed in Earth days:- Mercury 58.6462 and Venus 243.0187 and Earth 0.9972697 and Mars 1.02596

2 x [(250.1243 ÷ 58.6462) + (250.1243 ÷ 243.0187) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.9972697) + (250.1243 ÷ 1.02596)] = 999.8 rotations.

To verify the order (moving outwards from The Sun) of the planets (thus verifying The Inner Solar System Planets), and to verify the rotation periods of these planets, (look in the column entitled P Rotation (days)), click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and

(6). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto).

During this time period (of 250.1243 Earth days), The Four Inner Solar System NON-Planetary Bodies rotate altogether a total of 1001.73 rotations

DEMONSTRATION:- Here the names and rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) (which are the same as their orbital periods, due to “tidal locking” – For further details, see below.) of The Four Inner Solar System NON-Planetary Bodies:- The Sun 24.66225 and The Moon 27.321661 and (The Two Small Mars Satellites) Phobos 0.31891023 and Deimos 1.2624407

(250.1243 ÷ 24.66225) + (250.1243 ÷ 27.321661) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.31891023) + (250.1243 ÷ 1.2624407) = 1001.73 rotations.

To verify that there are only FOUR Non-Planetary Inner Solar System Bodies, and to verify their names, and to verify The Sun’s Rotation Period (look in the column entitled P Rotation (days)), click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital (ie:- rotation) periods of The Moon, Phobos, and Deimos, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and

(7). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto).

During THREE times this time period (of 250.1243 Earth days), The Naked-Eye-Visible Planets rotate synodically altogether a total of 5000.8 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- The Naked-Eye Visible Planets are:- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Here are their synodic rotation periods (expressed in Earth days):- Mercury 69.8636 and Venus 145.9276 and Earth 1 and Mars 1.02749 and Jupiter 0.41358 and Saturn 0.44403

3 x [(250.1243 ÷ 69.8636) + (250.1243 ÷ 145.9276) + (250.1243 ÷ 1) + (250.1243 ÷ 1.02749) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.41358) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.44403)] = 5000.8 rotations.

When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

This is how the SYNODIC Rotation Periods are calculated:-

Mercury’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mercury’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 58.6462 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 58.6462) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 69.8636 Earth days.

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 58.6462) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days.

Note the PLUS, rather than the MINUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE ROTATION.

Earth’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Earth’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 0.9972697 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.9972697) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 1.0000000 Earth days.

Now we come to The Superior Planets (ie:- further from The Sun than Earth is). The method of calculation of synodic periods is different for Superior Planets.

Mars’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mars’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.02596) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.02749 Earth days.

Jupiter’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Jupiter’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 0.41354 Earth days.

Jupiter’s orbital period = 4330.595 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.41354) MINUS (1 ÷ 4330.595)] = 0.41358 Earth days.

Saturn’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Saturn’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 0.44401 Earth days.

Saturn’s orbital period = 10727.160 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.44401) MINUS (1 ÷ 10727.160)] = 0.44403 Earth days.

To verify the (sidereal) rotation periods of the above mentioned planets, and the orbital periods of Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, click on the following link. Look in the column entitled P Rotation (days)

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify which planets are The Naked-Eye Visible Planets, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/naked-eye

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and

(8). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto).

During THREE times this time period (of 250.1243 Earth days), The Five GIANT BODIES and their LARGE Satellites rotate altogether a total of 10,000.071 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- The Solar System contains Five LARGE Bodies. These are:- The Sun, and the Four Giant planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune). You can verify this by clicking on the following link, and looking at the Radius column in the table.

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Here are the names and rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of these Five LARGE Bodies:- The Sun 24.66225 and Jupiter 0.41354 and Saturn 0.44401 and Uranus 0.71833 and Neptune 0.671252

To verify these rotation periods, click on the following link, and look at the column entitled P Rotation (days)

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Here are the names and orbital periods (expressed in Earth days) (which are equal to their rotation periods, due to “tidal locking”) of the LARGE Satellites of these Five LARGE Bodies.

The Sun has no satellites.

Jupiter’s Four LARGE Satellites are:- Io 1.769137786 and Europa 3.551181041 and Ganymede 7.15455296 and Callisto 16.6890184

Saturn’s Eight LARGE Satellites are:- Mimas 0.942421813 and Enceladus 1.370217855 and Tethys 1.887802160 and Dione 2.736914742 and Rhea 4.517500436 and Titan 15.94542068 and Hyperion whose rotation is “chaotic”, and must therefore be excluded from this calculation, and Iapetus 79.3301825

To verify Hyperion’s “chaotic” rotation, click on the following link, and look in the column entitled P Rotation (days)

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Uranus’ Five LARGE Satellites are:- Miranda 1.4134840 and Ariel 2.52037932 and Umbriel 4.1441765 and Titania 8.7058703 and Oberon 13.4632423

Neptune’s single LARGE Satellite is Triton 5.8768441

To verify the orbital (and thus rotation) periods of these satellites, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

To verify satellite sizes (and which are The LARGE Satellites), click here, and look at The Radius Column.

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

3 x [(250.1243 ÷ 24.66225) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.41354) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.44401) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.71833) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.671252) + (250.1243 ÷ 1.769137786) + (250.1243 ÷ 3.551181041) + (250.1243 ÷ 7.15455296) + (250.1243 ÷ 16.6890184) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.942421813) + (250.1243 ÷ 1.370217855) + (250.1243 ÷ 1.887802160) + (250.1243 ÷ 2.736914742) + (250.1243 ÷ 4.517500436) + (250.1243 ÷ 15.94542068) + (250.1243 ÷ 79.3301825) + (250.1243 ÷ 1.4134840) + (250.1243 ÷ 2.52037932) + (250.1243 ÷ 4.1441765) + (250.1243 ÷ 8.7058703) + (250.1243 ÷ 13.4632423) + (250.1243 ÷ 5.8768441)] = 10,000.08

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

and

(9). Venus is one of The Three Retrograde (rotation) Planets (ie:- Venus, Uranus, and Pluto).

During THREE times this time period (of 250.1243 Earth days), The INNERMOST Satellites of The Sun and The Superior Planets revolve altogether a total of 11,000.43 revolutions.

DEMONSTRATION:- The Superior Planets (ie:- outside Earth’s orbit) are:- Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. For this example, we will consider Pluto to be a Trans-Neptunian Object, rather than a planet. To verify which are The Superior Planets, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Here are the names and orbital periods (expressed in Earth days) of The INNERMOST Satellites of The Sun and The Superior Planets.

The Sun’s INNERMOST Satellite (planet) is Mercury 87.9694

To verify this, click here, and look at the column entitled P Orbital (days)

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite is Phobos 0.31891023

To verify Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify Phobos’ orbital period, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

Jupiter’s INNERMOST Satellite is Metis 0.294780

To verify this, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/jup-inner

Saturn’s INNERMOST Satellite is Pan 0.57505

To verify this, click here

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/saturn-sats

Uranus’ INNERMOST Satellite is Cordelia 0.3350331

To verify this, click here

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/uranus-innermost

Neptune’s INNERMOST Satellite is Naiad 0.294396

To verify this, click here

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/neptune-sats

3 x [(250.1243 ÷ 87.9694) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.31891023) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.294780) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.57505) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.3350331) + (250.1243 ÷ 0.294396)] = 11,000.43

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

VENUS’ ROTATION PERIOD.

Venus’ Rotation Period is directly involved with SEVEN close-to-perfect multiples of A THOUSAND. (See below).

(10). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

During One Venus Rotation Period, Mars and its INNERMOST Satellite rotate altogether a total of 998.9 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

Mars’ rotation period = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite is Phobos, whose orbital period (which is equal to its rotation period, due to “tidal locking”) = 0.31891023 Earth days.

(243.0187 ÷ 1.02596) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.31891023) = 998.9 rotations.

To verify that Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets, and to verify Venus’ rotation period, and Mars’ rotation period (Look at the column in the table entitled P Rotation (days)), and to verify that Phobos is Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify Phobos’ orbital period, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(11). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

During TWO Venus Rotation Periods, Earth and Mars and their INNERMOST Satellites rotate sidereally and synodically altogether a total of 5001.83 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s INNERMOST (and only!) Satellite is The Moon.

Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite is Phobos.

Here are the sidereal rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of Earth, Mars, The Moon and Phobos:- Earth 0.9972697 and Mars 1.02596 and The Moon 27.321661 and Phobos 0.31891023 (Note:- The rotation periods of The Moon and Phobos are equal to their orbital periods, due to “tidal locking”)

When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period, AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

Here are the synodic rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of Earth, Mars, The Moon and Phobos:- Earth 1 and Mars 1.02749 and The Moon 29.5305882 and Phobos 0.319058

2 x [(243.0187 ÷ 0.9972697) + (243.0187 ÷ 1.02596) + (243.0187 ÷ 27.321661) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.31891023) + (243.0187 ÷ 1) + (243.0187 ÷ 1.02749) + (243.0187 ÷ 29.5305882) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.319058)] = 5001.83 rotations.

To verify that Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets, and to verify the rotation periods of Venus, Earth, and Mars (Look at the column entitled P Rotation (days) in the table), and to verify that Phobos is Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify The Moon’s and Phobos’ orbital periods, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

This is how the synodic rotation periods discussed above are calculated:-

Earth’s Synodic Rotation Period.

Earth’s sidereal rotation period = 0.9972697 Earth (solar) days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.9972697) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 1.000000 Earth (solar) days.

Mars’ Synodic Rotation Period.

Mars is a Superior Planet, and so its synodic rotation period is calculated somewhat differently.

Mars’ sidereal rotation period = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.02596) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.02749 Earth days.

To verify The Moon’s synodic revolution period (which is the same as its synodic rotation period, due to “tidal locking”), click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

Phobos’ Synodic Rotation Period.

Mars is a Superior Planet, and so (Mars satellite) Phobos’ synodic rotation period is calculated somewhat differently.

Phobos’ sidereal rotation period (which is the same as its orbital period, due to “tidal locking” – For details, see below.) = 0.31891023 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.31891023) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 0.319058 Earth days.

To verify the orbital periods of Earth and Mars, and to verify that Mars is a Superior Planet (ie:- with an orbit outside Earth’s orbit), click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(12). During One Venus Rotation Period, The Sun, The Moon, and The PROGRADE Planets rotate altogether a total of 2000.47 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ Rotation Period = 243.0187 Earth days.

The rotation period of The Sun = 24.66225 Earth days.

The rotation period of The Moon = 27.321661

The PROGRADE (rotation) Planets are:- Mercury, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and Neptune. Here are their rotation periods (expressed in Earth days):- Mercury 58.6462 and Earth 0.9972697 and Mars 1.02596 and Jupiter 0.41354 and Saturn 0.44401 and Neptune 0.671252

(For an explanation of PROGRADE and RETROGRADE, see below.)

(243.0187 ÷ 24.66225) + (243.0187 ÷ 27.321661) + (243.0187 ÷ 58.6462) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.9972697) + (243.0187 ÷ 1.02596) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.41354) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.44401) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.671252) = 2000.47

To verify which planets have PROGRADE rotation, and which planets have RETROGRADE rotation (See the letter R directly preceding the planet’s rotation period in the column entitled P Rotation (days), and to verify the rotation periods of the planets mentioned above and also the rotation period of the Sun (in the column entitled P Rotation (days)), click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify The Moon’s orbital period (which is equal to its rotation period, due to “tidal locking” – see below), click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(13). During One Venus Rotation Period, The LARGE Satellites of The Naked-Eye Visible Planets revolve altogether a total of 999.4907 revolutions.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

The Naked-Eye Visible Planets are:- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.

Here are the names and orbital periods (expressed in Earth days) of the LARGE Satellites of The Naked-Eye Visible Planets:-

Mercury and Venus have no satellites, and Mars has no LARGE Satellites.

Earth’s single LARGE Satellite is The Moon 27.321661

Jupiter’s Four LARGE Satellites are:- Io 1.769137786 and Europa 3.551181041 and Ganymede 7.15455296 and Callisto 16.6890184

(243.0187 ÷ 27.321661) + (243.0187 ÷ 1.769137786) + (243.0187 ÷ 3.551181041) + (243.0187 ÷ 7.15455296) + (243.0187 ÷ 16.6890184) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.942421813) + (243.0187 ÷ 1.370217855) + (243.0187 ÷ 1.887802160) + (243.0187 ÷ 2.736914742) + (243.0187 ÷ 4.517500436) + (243.0187 ÷ 15.94542068) + (243.0187 ÷ 21.2766088) + (243.0187 ÷ 79.3301825) = 999.49 revolutions.

To verify the satellite sizes (and thus to verify which are the LARGE Satellites – See The Radius column in the table), and to verify Venus’ rotation period, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital periods of the satellites mentioned above, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

To verify which are The Naked-Eye Visible Planets, click here:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/naked-eye

(14). The Naked-Eye Visible GIANT BODIES are:- The Sun, Jupiter, and Saturn. During FOUR Venus Rotation Periods, The INNERMOST Satellites of each of these three bodies revolve altogether a total of 4999.096 revolutions.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

The Sun’s INNERMOST Satellite (planet) is Mercury, with an orbital period of 87.9694 Earth days.

Jupiter’s INNERMOST Satellite is Metis, with an orbital period of 0.294780 Earth days.

Saturn’s INNERMOST Satellite is Pan, with an orbital period of 0.57505 Earth days.

4 x [(243.0187 ÷ 87.9694) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.294780) + (243.0187 ÷ 0.57505)] = 4999.096 revolutions.

To verify the order moving outwards of the planets, and to verify planet sizes (See The Radius Column in the table), and to verify Venus’ rotation period and Mercury’s orbital period, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify that Metis is Jupiter’s INNERMOST Satellite, and to verify its orbital period, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/jup-inner

To verify that Pan is Saturn’s INNERMOST Satellite, and to verify its orbital period, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/saturn-sats

(15). Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

During TWO Venus Rotation Periods, The Sun, The Earth, and The Earth Neighbours rotate altogether a total of 1000.6 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- The Earth neighbours are:- Venus, The Moon, and Mars. Here are the rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of The Sun, The Earth, and The Earth Neighbours:-

The Sun 24.66225 and Earth 0.9972697 and Venus 243.0187 and The Moon 27.321661 and Mars 1.02596

2 x [(243.0187÷ 24.66225) + (243.0187÷ 0.9972697) + (243.0187÷ 243.0187) + (243.0187÷ 27.321661) + (243.0187÷ 1.02596)] = 1000.6 rotations.

To verify The Moon’s rotation period (which is the same as its orbital period, due to “tidal locking” – see below), click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

To verify all the other rotation periods mentioned above, and also to verify which are The Earth Neighbours, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(16). The Moon’s Nodal Revolution Period exceeds Venus’ Rotation Period by 58,998.798 Sun Oscillations.

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

The Moon’s Nodal Revolution Period = 6798.375113 Earth days.

The Sun’s Oscillation Period = 0.11111 Earth days.

(6798.375113 MINUS 243.0187) ÷ 0.11111 = 58,998.798 Sun Oscillations.

To verify Venus’ rotation period, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

The verify The Moon’s Nodal Revolution Period, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/lunar-perigee

To verify The Sun’s Oscillation Period, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/sun-oscillation

VENUS’ ORBITAL PERIOD.

(17). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

During THREE Venus Orbital Periods, Earth and Mars and their satellites rotate synodically altogether a total of 3998.67 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

Venus’ Orbital Period = 224.695 Earth days.

Here are the synodic rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of Earth and Mars and their satellites:- Earth 1 and Mars 1.02749 and The Moon 29.530588 and (The Two Mars Satellites) Phobos 0.319058 and Deimos 1.26476

3 x [(224.695 ÷ 1) + (224.695 ÷ 1.02749) + (224.695 ÷ 29.530588) + (224.695 ÷ 0.319058) + (224.695 ÷ 1.26476)] = 3998.67 rotations.

To verify Venus’ orbital period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Earth’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Earth’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 0.9972697 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.9972697) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 1.0000000 Earth days.

Mars’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mars’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.02596) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.02749 Earth days.

The synodic rotation periods of The Moon, Phobos and Deimos are the same as their synodic revolution periods, due to “tidal locking” (See below.)

To verify The Moon’s synodic revolution period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

Phobos’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Phobos’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 0.31891023 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.31891023) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 0.319058 Earth days.

Deimos’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Deimos’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 1.2624407 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.2624407) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.26476 Earth days.

To verify the orbital periods and the (sidereal) rotation periods of Earth and Mars, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital periods of Phobos and Deimos, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(18). During THREE Venus Orbital Periods, The INNERMOST Satellites of The Solar System revolve synodically altogether a total of 10,001.5 revolutions.

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days.

Here are the names and orbital periods (expressed in Earth days) of The INNERMOST Satellites of The Solar System:-

Mercury and Venus have no satellites.

Earth’s INNERMOST Satellite is The Moon 27.321661 Earth days.

Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite is Phobos 0.31891023 Earth days.

Jupiter’s INNERMOST Satellite is Metis 0.294780 Earth days.

Saturn’s INNERMOST Satellite is Pan 0.57505 Earth days.

Uranus’ INNERMOST Satellite is Cordelia 0.3350331 Earth days.

Neptune’s INNERMOST Satellite is Naiad 0.294396 Earth days.

Pluto’s INNERMOST Satellite is Charon 6.387230 Earth days.

The SYNODIC revolution periods of these satellites are calculated in the following manner:-

The Moon’s synodic revolution period = 29.530588 Earth days. To verify this, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

Phobos’ SYNODIC Revolution Period is calculated thus:-

Phobos’ orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period) = 0.31891023 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.31891023) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 0.319058 Earth days.

Metis’ SYNODIC Revolution Period is calculated thus:-

Metis’ orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period) = 0.294780 Earth days.

Jupiter’s orbital period = 4330.595 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.294780) MINUS (1 ÷ 4330.595)] = 0.294800 Earth days.

Pans’ SYNODIC Revolution Period is calculated thus:-

Pan’s orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period) = 0.57505 Earth days.

Saturn’s orbital period = 10727.160 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.57505) MINUS (1 ÷ 10727.160)] = 0.57508 Earth days.

Cordelia’s SYNODIC Revolution Period is calculated thus:-

Cordelia’s orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period) = 0.3350331 Earth days.

Uranus’ orbital period = 30717.682 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.3350331) MINUS (1 ÷ 30717.682)] = 0.335037 Earth days.

Naiad’s SYNODIC Revolution Period is calculated thus:-

Naiad’s orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period) = 0.294396 Earth days.

Neptune’s orbital period = 60215.912 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.294396) MINUS (1 ÷ 60215.912)] = 0.294397 Earth days.

Charon’s SYNODIC Revolution Period is calculated thus:-

Charon’s orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period) = 6.387230 Earth days.

Pluto’s orbital period = 90803.66 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 6.387230) MINUS (1 ÷ 90803.66)] = 6.387679 Earth days.

3 x [(224.695 ÷ 29.530588) + (224.695 ÷ 0.319058) + (224.695 ÷ 0.294800) + (224.695 ÷ 0.57508) + (224.695 ÷ 0.335037) + (224.695 ÷ 0.294397) + (224.695 ÷ 6.387679)] = 10,001.5

To verify the orbital periods of the planets mentioned above, and that Mercury and Venus have no satellites, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital period of Phobos, and that it is Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

To verify the orbital period of Metis, and that it is Jupiter’s INNERMOST Satellite, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/jup-inner

To verify the orbital period of Pan, and that it is Saturn’s INNERMOST Satellite, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/saturn-sats

To verify the orbital period of Cordelia, and that it is Uranus’ INNERMOST Satellite, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/uranus-innermost

To verify the orbital period of Naiad, and that it is Neptune’s INNERMOST Satellite, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/neptune-sats

To verify the orbital period of Charon, and that it is Pluto’s INNERMIOST Satellite, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/pluto-sats

THE FOUR PLANETARY PERIODS.

Every planet has FOUR Periods, ie:- Orbital Period, Rotation Period, Synodic Revolution Period, and Synodic Rotation Period.

(19). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

THREE times the SUM of The Four Periods of these two planets = 7999.6 Earth days.

Here are the Four Periods (expressed in Earth days) of Venus and Mars:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 and Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 and Venus’ synodic revolution period = 583.9205 and Venus’ synodic rotation period = 145.9276

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 and Mars’ rotation period = 1.02596 and Mars’ synodic revolution period = 779.9382 and Mars’ synodic rotation period = 1.02749

3 x (224.695 + 243.0187 + 583.9205 + 145.9276 + 686.98 + 1.02596 + 779.9382 + 1.02749) = 7999.6 Earth days.

To verify the orbital and rotation periods of these two planets, and to verify that Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the synodic revolution periods of these two planets, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days. (Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. For fuller explanation, see below)

Mars’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mars’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.02596) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.02749 Earth days.

To verify the orbital periods of Earth and Mars, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(20). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

The SUM of The Four Periods of these two planets = 23,999.08 Sun Oscillations.

Here are the Four Periods (expressed in Earth days) of Venus and Mars:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 and Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 and Venus’ synodic revolution period = 583.9205 and Venus’ synodic rotation period = 145.9276

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 and Mars’ rotation period = 1.02596 and Mars’ synodic revolution period = 779.9382 and Mars’ synodic rotation period = 1.02749

The Sun’s Oscillation Period = 0.11111 Earth days.

(224.695 + 243.0187 + 583.9205 + 145.9276 + 686.98 + 1.02596 + 779.9382 + 1.02749) = 2666.533 Earth days.

2666.533 ÷ 0.11111 = 23,999.04

To verify the orbital and rotation periods of these two planets, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the synodic revolution periods of these two planets, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days. (Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. For fuller explanation, see below)

Mars’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mars’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.02596) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.02749 Earth days.

To verify the orbital and rotation periods of Earth and Mars, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify The Sun’s Oscillation Period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/sun-oscillation

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(21). TWICE The SUM of the Sidereal and Synodic Rotation Periods of Venus = 7001.1 Sun Oscillations.

Venus’ (sidereal) rotation period = 243.0187 and Venus’ synodic rotation period = 145.9276

The Sun’s Oscillation Period = 0.11111 Earth days.

[2 x (243.0187 + 145.9276)] ÷ 0.11111 = 7001.1 Sun oscillations.

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days. (Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. For fuller explanation, see below)

To verify the orbital period of Earth, and the sidereal rotation period of Venus, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify The Sun’s Oscillation Period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/sun-oscillation

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

VENUS AND MARS.

(22). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

FOUR Venus Synodic Revolution Periods, as viewed from Earth exceeds FOUR Venus Synodic Revolution Periods, as viewed from Mars by 1000.05 Earth days.

Venus’ synodic revolution period, as viewed from Earth = 583.9205 Earth days.

Venus’ SYNODIC Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars is calculated thus:-

Venus’ orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period) = 224.695 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 224.695) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 333.9087 Earth days.

(4 x 583.9205) MINUS (4 x 333.9087) = 1000.05

To verify that Venus and Mars are neighbour planets, and to verify the orbital periods of Venus and Mars, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify Venus’ synodic revolution period, as viewed from Earth, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

(23). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

FOUR Venus Synodic Revolution Periods, as viewed from Earth exceeds FOUR Venus Synodic Revolution Periods, as viewed from Mars by 9000.54 Sun Oscillations.

DEMONSTRATION:- When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period, AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

Venus’ synodic revolution period, as viewed from Earth = 583.9205 Earth days.

Venus’ SYNODIC Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars is calculated thus:-

Venus’ orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period) = 224.695 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 224.695) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 333.9087 Earth days.

(4 x 583.9205) MINUS (4 x 333.9087) = 1000.05

The Sun’s Oscillation Period = 0.11111 Earth days.

1000.05 ÷ 0.11111 = 9000.54 Sun oscillations.

To verify that Venus and Mars are neighbour planets, and to verify the orbital periods of Venus and Mars, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify Venus’ synodic revolution period, as viewed from Earth, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

To verify The Sun’s Oscillation Period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/sun-oscillation

(24). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

The SUM of the Synodic Revolution Period and The Synodic Rotation Period of Venus = 729.8481 Earth days. During this time period, Mars and its INNERMOST Satellite rotate altogether a total of 2999.95 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period, AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

Venus’ synodic revolution period = 583.9205 Earth days.

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days. (Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. For fuller explanation, see below)

583.9205 + 145.9276 = 729.8481 Earth days.

Mars’ rotation period = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite is Phobos, whose rotation period (which is equal to its orbital period, due to “tidal locking” – see below for further details.) = 0.31891023 Earth days.

(729.8481 ÷ 1.02596) + (729.8481 ÷ 0.31891023) = 2999.95 rotations.

To verify Venus’ synodic revolution period, click on this link:-

To verify that Venus and Mars are neighbour planets, and to verify the sidereal rotation period of Venus, and the orbital period of Earth, and the (sidereal) rotation period of Mars, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify Venus’ synodic revolution period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

To verify the orbital period of Phobos (which is equal to its rotation period, due to “tidal locking”), click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(25). During One Venus Solar Day, The Sun and The Superior planets rotate altogether a total of 1000.24 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- The Venus Solar Day is calculated in the following manner:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days, and Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

The Venus Solar Day = 1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 224.695) PLUS (1 ÷ 243.0187)] = 116.749 Earth days. (Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. For fuller explanation, see below)

Here are the names of the Sun and The Superior Planets (ie:- planets whose orbits are outside Earth’s orbit), together with their rotation periods (expressed in Earth days):-

Mars 1.02596 and Jupiter 0.41354 and Saturn 0.44401 and Uranus 0.71833 and Neptune 0.671252

Pluto, for the purposes of this example is treated as a Trans-Neptunian Object rather than as a planet, and is therefore excluded from the calculation.

(116.749 ÷ 24.66225) + (116.749 ÷ 1.02596) + (116.749 ÷ 0.41354) + (116.749 ÷ 0.44401) + (116.749 ÷ 0.71833) + (116.749 ÷ 0.671252) = 1000.24 rotations.

To verify the rotation periods of The Sun and the planets, and the orbital period of Venus, and to verify which are the Superior Planets, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

VENUS AND JUPITER.

(26). Venus’ Synodic Revolution Period, as viewed from Jupiter = 236.9914 Earth days. During this time period, Jupiter and its Four Small “Inner” Satellites rotate altogether a total of 2998.68 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period, AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

Venus’ Synodic Revolution Period, as viewed from Jupiter is calculated in the following manner:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days, and Jupiter’s orbital period = 4330.595 Earth days.

(1 ÷ 224.695) MINUS (1 ÷ 4330.595) = 236.9914 Earth days.

Jupiter’s rotation period = 0.41354 Earth days.

Here are the names and rotation periods (which are equal to their orbital periods, due to “tidal locking”. See below for details.) – (expressed in Earth days) of Jupiter’s Four Small “Inner” Satellites.

Metis 0.294780 and Adrastea 0.298260 and Amalthea 0.498179 and Thebe 0.674536

(236.9914 ÷ 0.41354) + (236.9914 ÷ 0.294780) + (236.9914 ÷ 0.298260) + (236.9914 ÷ 0.498179) + (236.9914 ÷ 0.674536) = 2998.68 rotations.

To verify the orbital periods of Venus and Jupiter, and to verify Jupiter’s rotation period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the names and orbital periods of Jupiter’s Four Small “Inner” Satellites, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/jup-inner

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(27). Venus’ Synodic Rotation Period, as viewed from Jupiter = 230.1059 Earth days. During FOUR times this time period, The LARGE Satellites and their parent planets, out as far as Jupiter revolve altogether a total of 999.68 revolutions.

Venus’ Synodic Rotation Period, as viewed from Jupiter is calculated in the following manner:-

Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days, and Jupiter’s orbital period = 4330.595 Earth days.

(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 4330.595) = 230.1059 Earth days.

(Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. See below for further details.)

Here are the names and orbital periods (expressed in Earth days) of The LARGE Satellites and their parent planets, out as far as Jupiter:-

Mercury and Venus have no satellites, and Mars has no LARGE satellites.

Earth’s single LARGE satellite is The Moon 27.321661

Jupiter has Four LARGE satellites:- Io 1.769137786 and Europa 3.551181041 and Ganymede 7.15455296 and Callisto 16.6890184

The parent planets of these satellites are Earth and Jupiter. Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days, and Jupiter’s orbital period = 4330.595 Earth days.

4 x [(230.1059 ÷ 27.321661) + (230.1059 ÷ 1.769137786) + (230.1059 ÷ 3.551181041) + (230.1059 ÷ 7.15455296) + (230.1059 ÷ 16.6890184) + (230.1059 ÷ 365.256) + (230.1059 ÷ 4330.595)] = 999.68 revolutions.

To verify Venus’ rotation period and Jupiter’s orbital period, and to verify that Venus has RETTROGRADE rotation (See the letter R directly preceding Venus’ rotation period, where R stands for RETROGRADE.), and to verify satellite sizes, and to verify that Mercury and Venus have no satellites, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital periods of the satellites mentioned above, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

VENUS’ SYNODIC REVOLUTION PERIOD, AS VIEWED FROM MARS.

(28). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

THREE times Venus’ Synodic Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars = 1001.73 Earth days.

DEMONSTRATION:- When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period, AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

Venus’ SYNODIC Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars is calculated thus:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 224.695) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 333.9087 Earth days.

333.9087 x 3 = 1001.73

To verify Venus’ orbital period and Mars’ orbital period, and to verify that Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(29). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

Venus’ Synodic Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars = 333.9216 Earth days.

During this time period, The Eight Inner Solar System Bodies rotate synodically altogether a total of 2000.5 rotations.

Venus’ SYNODIC Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars is calculated thus:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 224.695) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 333.9087 Earth days.

333.9087 x 3 = 1001.73

To verify Venus’ orbital period and Mars’ orbital period, and to verify that Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Here are the names and synodic rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of The Eight Inner Solar System Bodies:- The Sun 26.44803 and Mercury 69.8636 and Venus 145.9276 and Earth 1 and Mars 1.02749 and The Moon 29.5305882 and (The Two Mars Satellites) Phobos 0.319058 and Deimos 1.2647649

(333.9216 ÷ 26.44803) + (333.9216 ÷ 69.8636) + (333.9216 ÷ 145.9276) + (333.9216 ÷ 1) +

(333.9216 ÷ 1.02749) + (333.9216 ÷ 29.530588) + (333.9216 ÷ 0.319058) + (333.9216 ÷ 1.2647649) = 2000.5 rotations.

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days. (Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. See below for further details.)

Mars’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mars’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.02596) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.02749 Earth days.

Phobos’ SYNODIC Revolution Period is calculated thus:-

Phobos’ orbital period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Revolution Period, which is equal to its sidereal rotation period, due to “tidal locking” – See further details below.) = 0.31891023 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.31891023) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 0.319058 Earth days.

Deimos’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Deimos’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period, which is equal to its sidereal rotation period, due to “tidal locking” – See further details below.) = 1.2624407 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.2624407) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.26476 Earth days.

Earth’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Earth’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 0.9972697 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.9972697) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 1.0000000 Earth days.

Mercury’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mercury’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 58.6462 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 58.6462) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 69.8636 Earth days.

The Sun’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

The Sun’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 24.66225 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 24.66225) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 26.44803 Earth days.

The Moon’s synodic rotation period is equal to its synodic revolution period (due to “tidal locking”), which is 29.530588 Earth days. To verify this, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

To verify the rotation periods of The Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, and the orbital periods of Earth and Mars, and to verify which are The Eight Inner Solar System Bodies (ie:- everything inferior to Jupiter), click on this link

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital periods of Phobos and Deimos (which are equal to their rotation periods, due to “tidal locking”), click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(30). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

Venus’ Synodic Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars = 333.9216 Earth days.

During TWICE this time period, The Naked-Eye Visible Planets and their INNERMOST Satellites rotate altogether a total of 9,999.36 rotations.

Venus’ SYNODIC Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars is calculated thus:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 224.695) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 333.9087 Earth days.

The Naked-Eye Visible Planets are:- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.

Here are the names and rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of The Naked-Eye Visible Planets and their INNERMOST Satellites:-

Mercury 58.6462 Mercury has no satellites.

Venus 243.0187 Venus has no satellites.

Earth 0.9972697 Earth’s INNERMOST Satellite is The Moon 27.321661

Mars 1.02596 Mars’ INNERMOST Satellite is Phobos 0.31891023

Jupiter 0.41354 Jupiter’s INNERMOST Satellite is Metis 0.294780

Saturn 0.44401 Saturn’s INNERMOST Satellite is Pan 0.57505

2 x [(333.9216 ÷ 58.6362) + (333.9216 ÷ 243.0187) + (333.9216 ÷ 0.9972697) + (333.9216 ÷ 27.321661) + (333.9216 ÷ 1.02596) + (333.9216 ÷ 0.31891023) + (333.9216 ÷ 0.41354) + (333.9216 ÷ 0.294780) + (333.9216 ÷ 0.44401) + (333.9216 ÷ 0.57505)] = 9999.46 rotations.

To verify which are The Naked-Eye Visible Planets, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/naked-eye

To verify the rotation periods of the planets mentioned above, and to verify the orbital periods of Venus and Mars, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital periods (which are the same as the rotation periods, due to “tidal locking” – See below for further details.) of The Moon, and Phobos, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

To verify the orbital period (which is the same as the rotation period, due to “tidal locking” – See below for further details) of Metis, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/jup-inner

To verify the orbital period (which is the same as the rotation period, due to “tidal locking” – See below for further details) of Pan, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/saturn-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(31). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

Venus’ Synodic Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars = 333.9216 Earth days.

During THREE times this time period, The Four Inner Solar System Planets rotate sidereally and synodically altogether a total of 4000.06 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period, AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

Venus’ SYNODIC Revolution Period, as viewed from Mars is calculated thus:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 224.695) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 333.9087 Earth days.

333.9087 x 3 = 1001.73

To verify Venus’ orbital period and Mars’ orbital period, and to verify that Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Here are the names and (sidereal) rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of The Four Inner Solar System Planets:- Mercury 58.6462 and Venus 243.0187 and Earth 0.9972697 and Mars 1.02596

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days.

(Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. See below for further details.)

Mars’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mars’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 1.02596 Earth days.

Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 1.02596) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 1.02749 Earth days.

Earth’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Earth’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 0.9972697 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.9972697) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 1.0000000 Earth days.

Mercury’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mercury’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 58.6462 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 58.6462) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 69.8636 Earth days.

To verify the rotation periods of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, and the orbital periods of Earth and Mars, click on this link

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

3 x [(333.9216 ÷ 58.6462) + (333.9216 ÷ 69.8636) + (333.9216 ÷ 243.0187) + (333.9216 ÷ 145.9276) + (333.9216 ÷ 0.9972697) + (333.9216 ÷ 1) + (333.9216 ÷ 1.02596) + (333.9216 ÷ 1.02749)] = 4000.06 rotations.

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

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(32). Mercury and Venus are neighbour planets.

Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

The SUM of the Synodic Revolution Periods of Mercury and Venus = 699.7979 Earth days. During FOUR times this time period, Mars and its Two Satellites revolve altogether a total of 10,998,73 revolutions.

DEMONSTRATION:- When a table of astronomical numerical data refers to an orbital period or a rotation period, it means (respectively) the SIDEREAL revolution period and the SIDEREAL ROTATION PERIOD. That is to say:- these periods as would be observed from a fixed star (sidereal means relating to a STAR). A SYNODIC revolution period or a SYNODIC rotation period is The APPARENT revolution period or rotation period, as viewed from Earth, without factoring in the fact that Earth is moving in an orbit round The Sun. Alternatively, you can have a SYNODIC revolution or rotation period, AS VIEWED FROM MARS (or as viewed from any other planet).

Mercury’s Synodic Revolution Period = 115.8774 Earth days.

Venus’ Synodic Revolution Period = 583.9205 Earth days.

115.8774 + 583.9205 = 699.7979 Earth days.

Here are the orbital periods (expressed in Earth days) of Mars and its two satellites:- Mars 686.98 and Phobos 0.31891023 and Deimos 1.2624407

4 x [(699.7979 ÷ 686.98) + (699.7979 ÷ 0.31891023) + (699.7979 ÷ 1.2624407)] = 10,998.73 revolutions.

To verify the synodic revolution periods of Mercury and Venus, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

To verify the orbital period of Mars, and to verify that Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets, and to verify that Mercury and Venus are neighbour planets, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital periods of Phobos and Deimos, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

THE SUN AND VENUS.

(33). The Sun’s Synodic Rotation Period, as viewed from Venus = 27.70288 Earth Solar Days, or 0.11399 Venus Sidereal Days.

The CUBE of The Difference between these two numbers = 20,999.2

The Sun’s (sidereal) rotation period = 24.66225 Earth days.

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days.

The Venus sidereal day = Venus’ (sidereal) rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

The Sun’s synodic rotation period, as viewed from Venus is calculated in the following manner:-

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 24.66225) MINUS (1 ÷ 224.695)] = 27.70288 Earth solar days.

or (27.70288 ÷ 243.0187) = 0.11399 Venus sidereal days.

(27.70288 MINUS 0.11399)3 = 20,999.2

To verify The Sun’s (sidereal) rotation period and the orbital and (sidereal) rotation periods of Venus, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(34). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

The Sun’s synodic rotation period, as viewed from Mars = 25.58058 Earth days.

The Sun’s synodic rotation period, as viewed from Venus = 27.70288 Earth days.

The SUM of the CUBES of these two numbers = 37,999.6

The Sun’s (sidereal) rotation period = 24.66225 Earth days.

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days. Mars’ orbital period = 686.98 Earth days.

The Sun’s synodic rotation period, as viewed from Venus is calculated in the following manner:-

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 24.66225) MINUS (1 ÷ 224.695)] = 27.70288 Earth days.

The Sun’s synodic rotation period, as viewed from Mars is calculated in the following manner:-

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 24.66225) MINUS (1 ÷ 686.98)] = 25.58058 Earth days.

27.70288 3 + 25.580583 = 37,999.6

To verify the Sun’s (sidereal) rotation period and the orbital periods of Venus and Mars, and to verify that Venus and Mars are Earth’s neighbour planets, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

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(35). Venus and Mars are Earth’s two neighbour planets.

Venus’ Rotation Period = 243.684 Earth SIDEREAL Days.

Mars’ Rotation Period = 1.02596 Earth SOLAR Days.

4 x (243.684 x 1.02596) = 1000.04

DEMONSTRATION:- Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth (solar) days.

The Earth SIDEREAL Day = Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period = 0.9972697 Earth (solar) days (when an Earth Solar Day = 24 hours).

243.0187 ÷ 0.9972697 = 243.684 Earth sidereal days.

Mars’ Rotation Period = 1.02596 Earth (SOLAR) Days.

4 x (243.684 x 1.02596) = 1000.04

To verify Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period, and the (sidereal) rotation periods of Venus and Mars, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

MERCURY AND VENUS (NEIGHBOUR PLANETS).

(36). Mercury and Venus are neighbour planets.

The SQUARE of The SUM of their (sidereal) rotation periods = 91,001.7

DEMONSTRATION:- Mercury’s (sidereal) rotation period = 58.6462 Earth days.

Venus’ (sidereal) rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

(58.6462 + 243.0187)2 = 91,001.7

To verify the (sidereal) rotation periods of Mercury and Venus, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(37). Mercury and Venus are neighbour planets.

TWICE The CUBE of The SUM of their synodic rotation periods = 20,096,997.85

Mercury’s synodic rotation period = 69.8636 Earth days.

Venus’ synodic rotation period = 145.9276 Earth days.

2 x [(69.8636 + 145.9276)3]= 20,096,997.85

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days.

(Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. See below for further details.)

Mercury’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mercury’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 58.6462 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 58.6462) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 69.8636 Earth days.

To verify the (sidereal) rotation periods of Mercury and Venus, and the orbital period of Earth, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(38). Mercury and Venus are neighbour planets.

The CUBE of Mercury’s synodic rotation period = 340,998.8

Mercury’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mercury’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 58.6462 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 58.6462) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 69.8636 Earth days.

69.86363 = 340,998.8

To verify the (sidereal) rotation period of Mercury, and the orbital period of Earth, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(39). Mercury and Venus are neighbour planets.

Mercury’s synodic revolution period = 116.19465 Earth SIDEREAL Days.

TWICE The SQUARE of this number = 27,002.4

Mercury’s synodic revolution period = 115.8774 Earth days.

The Earth SIDEREAL Day = Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period = 0.9972697 Earth (solar) days.

115.8774 ÷ 0.9972697 = 116.19465 Earth SIDEREAL Days.

2 x [116.194652] = 27,002.4

To verify Mercury’s synodic revolution period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-synodic

To verify Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(40). Mercury and Venus are neighbour planets.

The SUM of The Mercury Solar Day and The Venus Solar Day = 292.6872 Earth days.

During this time period, The Sun and The PRIMARY Satellites of The Naked-Eye Visible Planets rotate altogether a total of 999.618 rotations.

DEMONSTRATION:- A PRIMARY Satellite is The LARGEST Satellite for a particular planet.

The Mercury Solar Day = 175.9382 Earth days.

The Venus Solar Day = 116.74896 Earth days.

175.9382 + 116.74896 = 292.6872 Earth days.

The Sun’s rotation period = 24.66225 Earth days.

Here are the names of The Naked-Eye Visible Planets and the names and rotation periods (expressed in Earth days) of their PRIMARY Satellites:-

Mercury and Venus have no satellites.

Earth’s PRIMARY Satellite is The Moon 27.321661

Mars’ PRIMARY Satellite is Phobos 0.31891023

Jupiter’s PRIMARY Satellite is Ganymede 7.15455296

Saturn’s PRIMARY Satellite is Titan 15.94542068

(292.6872 ÷ 24.66225) + (292.6872 ÷ 27.321661) + (292.6872 ÷ 0.31891023) + (292.6872 ÷ 7.15455296) + (292.6872 ÷ 15.94542068) = 999.618 rotations.

The Mercury Solar Day is calculated in the following manner:-

Mercury’s orbital period = 87.9694 Earth days.

Mercury’s rotation period = 58.6462 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 58.6462) MINUS (1 ÷ 87.9694)] = 175.9382 Earth days.

The Venus Solar Day is calculated in the following manner:-

Venus’ orbital period = 224.695 Earth days.

Venus’ rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 224.695) PLUS (1 ÷ 243.0187)] = 116.74896 Earth days.

Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation.

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify the orbital and rotation periods of Mercury and Venus, and the rotation period of The Sun, and to verify satellite sizes (and therefore which are The PRIMARY Satellites for each planet), click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify which are The Naked-Eye Visible Planets, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/naked-eye

To verify the orbital periods (which are equal to their rotation periods, due to “tidal locking” – See below for further details) of The Primary Satellites, click on the following link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/large-sats

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(41). The Sum of the (sidereal) rotation periods of Mercury and Venus = 302.4908 Earth SIDEREAL days

(302.49082) x 2 = 183,001.4

DEMONSTRATION:-

To understand the difference between an Earth day (ie:- an Earth SOLAR day) and an Earth SIDEREAL day, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/solar-sidereal

Mercury’s (sidereal) rotation period = 58.6462 Earth days.

Venus’ (sidereal) rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

To verify these two periods, click on the following link, and look in the column entitled P Rotation (days):-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

The Earth sidereal day = Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period = 0.9972697 Earth (solar) days.

To verify Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period, click on the following link, and look in the column entitled P Rotation (days):-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

(58.6462 + 243.0187) ÷ 0.9972697 = 302.4908 Earth SIDEREAL days

(302.49082) x 2 = 183,001.4

(42). The SUM of the synodic rotation periods of The Sun, Mercury, and Venus = 242.9024 Earth sidereal days.

242.90242 = 5,9001.58

DEMONSTRATION:-

To understand the difference between an Earth day (ie:- an Earth SOLAR day) and an Earth SIDEREAL day, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/solar-sidereal

To understand what a SYNODIC period is, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/what-is-synodic

The Sun’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated in the following manner:-

The Sun’s (sidereal) rotation period is 24.66225 Earth days.

To verify The Sun’s (sidereal) rotation period, click on this link, and look in the column entitled P Rotation (days):-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days. To verify this, click on the following link, and look in the column entitled P Orbital (days):-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

The Sun’s synodic rotation period = 1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 24.66225) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 26.44803 Earth days.

Mercury’s SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Mercury’s rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 58.6462 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 58.6462) MINUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 69.8636 Earth days.

Venus’ SYNODIC Rotation Period is calculated thus:-

Venus’ rotation period (ie:- its SIDEREAL Rotation Period) = 243.0187 Earth days.

Earth’s orbital period = 365.256 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 243.0187) PLUS (1 ÷ 365.256)] = 145.9276 Earth days. (Note:- The PLUS is because Venus has RETROGRADE Rotation. For fuller explanation, see below)

26.44803 + 69.8636 + 145.9276 = 242.2392 Earth (solar) days.

To verify the orbital period of Earth, and the sidereal rotation periods of Mercury and Venus, click on this link:-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

The Earth sidereal day = Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period = 0.9972697 Earth (solar) days.

To verify Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period, click on the following link, and look in the column entitled P Rotation (days):-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

242.2392 ÷ 0.9972697 = 242.9024 Earth SIDEREAL days.

242.90242 = 5,9001.58

(43). Venus’ (sidereal) rotation period = 234.7893 LUNAR days.

234.78933 = 12,942,998.57

DEMONSTRATION:-

Venus’ (sidereal) rotation period = 243.0187 Earth days.

The Lunar Day = 1.0350501 Earth (solar) days.

243.0187 ÷ 1.0350501 = 234.7893 Lunar days.

234.78933 = 12,942,998.57

To verify Venus’ (sidereal) rotation period, click on this link, and look in the column entitled P Rotation (days):-

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

The Lunar Day is calculated in the following manner:-

Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period = 0.9972697 Earth days.

The Moon’s orbital period = 27.321661 Earth days.

1 ÷ [(1 ÷ 0.9972697) MINUS (1 ÷ 27.321661)] = 1.0350501 Earth (solar) days.

To verify Earth’s (sidereal) rotation period, click on the following link, and look in the column entitled P Rotation (days)

www.solarsystemtimeperiods.com/planet-orbital

To verify The Moon’s orbital period, click on the following link:-